Catalysts: Materials

Heterogeneous catalysis is one of the pillars of modern chemical industries. Updated from its previous version published in 2005, the chapter first outlines the general concepts of heterogeneous catalysis and its critical role in chemical processes. It then provides a brief overview of design principles, including kinetics, aspects of adsorption, and microkinetic modeling of heterogeneous catalysts. The chapter then summarizes the representative strategies for catalyst preparation and characterization and the understanding of catalyst deactivation. It finally highlights the future trends in heterogeneous catalysis with an emphasis on sustainable and green chemistry, atomic precision catalysts, and emerging computational design of catalysts.