Effect of a Standardized Training Program to Enhance the Therapeutic Alliance in Patients with Low Back Pain A Mixed-Methods Analytical Approach

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic alliance improves pain, disability, and quality of life outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a training protocol aimed at enhancing the therapeutic alliance in patients with chronic low back pain.

METHODS: 19 physical therapists (DPT) and 16 student physical therapists (SPT) completed a therapeutic alliance training course with a quantitative questionnaire completed before and after the training along with a follow-up qualitative interview. Quantitative results were analyzed for differences resulting from participation in the training, while qualitative results were analyzed via interview transcription analysis by independent researchers blinded to the participants.

RESULTS: All three groups (SPT/DPT combined, SPT, DPT) demonstrated a significant improvement in feeling comfortable in building a strong therapeutic alliance (p<0.01). The themes of Training Enhances Consciousness, Communication is Key, and Personalized Approach emerged from qualitative interviews indicating that the course was valuable in improving their approach to therapeutic alliance, communication, and individualized interventions contribute to a successful therapeutic alliance.

CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate the efficacy of therapeutic alliance training and suggest potential to enhance therapeutic alliance through a training protocol.