Nanobiomaterials and their application in prosthodontics

Modern science and technology have undergone a major revolution with the evolution of nanotechnology and hence has been assimilated into various medical disciplines including dentistry. The integration of nanotechnology and its principles into dentistry is aptly termed “Nanodentistry.” The continuous ongoing quest for the introduction of newer materials for promoting better oral health has led to the discovery of various nanobiomaterials, advanced clinical tools, and better treatment modalities. Nanodentistry has spread its branches to prosthodontics “a highly specialized branch of dentistry concerned with the making of artificial replacements for missing parts of the mouth and jaw.” The pursuit for ideal restorative materials in prosthodontics has lead to the exploration of nanotechnology. In this context of paradigm shift of dentistry to nanodentistry, we would like to discuss how the bulk material when reduced to nanoscale, change the physicochemical properties of materials. In this review, we present comprehensive information regarding the recent advancements of nanobiomaterials in various aspects of removable, fixed, and maxillofacial prosthodontics with the advantages and limitations. Apart from that, we would also like to discuss the significance of nanotechnology in the field of implant prosthodontics. Next we would go into the potential hazards faced by the nature and mankind by exploiting nanotechnology and then into the possible challenges faced by this emerging technology. Finally, we conclude with the probable research in this field by incorporating other branches like tissue engineering.