Task and Relationship Orientation of Pakistani Managers and Working Professionals: The Interaction Effect of Demographics in a Collective Culture

This study focused on identifying the task and relationship orientations of respondents working in various Pakistani organizations. To explore their orientations, respondents in Khyber Pakhtunkwa (KPK) and Punjab provinces of Pakistan were surveyed. The data were analyzed by Univariate General Linear Model considering age, qualification and managerial experience as independent variables. Pakistani managers seem to use both styles in moderation. While they are more relationships focused, they demonstrate an overall balance between the two styles. In the task orientation, no individual factor showed any significant main effect. But the interaction of age by academics, and academics by management experience has a significant effect on task orientation. In the case of relationship orientation, academics seem to be a statistically significant factor and the interaction of age by academics has a significant effect as well. After the multiple comparisons of sub-classes of independent variables by Tukey Post Hoc test, the common trend of both styles found is that getting advancement in all three independent variables has a significant effect on both orientations.