@inbook{9ab331709fad4447aefffaebf00a56a4,
title = "Winner and Loser Effects",
abstract = "Previous experiences provide individuals with crucial information regarding their relative capability and serve as powerful motivators to engage in or withdraw from forthcoming contests. All things considered (e.g., body size, age, weaponry, territory ownership, etc.), winners of competitions tend to keep winning, while losers are prone to continue losing. These winner and loser effects exist across a wide taxonomic range of animals and can drastically influence the outcome of subsequent contests. The experience of victory produces distinct endocrine changes, which serve as positive feedback, increasing motivation to participate in – as well as win – future competitions. Conversely, the consequences of losing discourages future participation to possibly preserve health and/or otherwise divest from unpropitious endeavors. Although ephemeral in nature, these effects represent potent carryover phenomena that can have significant impacts on reproductive fitness.",
author = "Eldakar, \{Omar Tonsi\} and Gallup, \{Andrew C.\}",
year = "2022",
month = dec,
day = "31",
doi = "10.1007/978-3-031-08956-5\_180-1",
language = "American English",
series = "Encyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and Behavior",
publisher = "Springer",
pages = "1--3",
editor = "Todd Shackelford",
booktitle = "Encyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and Behavior",
address = "Singapore",
}